After the World War I, that affected the whole world, there were changes in the world order. Many countries have gone through regime changes. In this time, authoritarian regimes emerged and the whole world affected by these. These authoritarian regimes have caused great changes in countries with the events within themselves. At the same time, these regimes were also effective in the World War II.
For started, in 19th century, some regimes like nationalism, constitutionalism, liberalism emerged in the world. Liberalism, which emerged in some part of the world, was also becomes popular and powerful especially in Europe. World War I was a global war that meant a modelized a million of people in the world. Therefore, radical ideologies emerged in the world after the World War I. First of all, more nationalist groups criticism of liberalism and after that, authoritarian regimes rise in the world. Technological developments, communism in fact socialist groups with international revolution explained nationalism was important but not dedicated of the World War I. Moreover, after the World War I, rise of authoritarian regimes included Italian fascism, fascism in Spain and Germany. On the other hand, other authoritarian regime was communism that dominated in the Middle East, East Asia and the Soviet Union.
Fascism, which one of the risings up authoritarian regimes, had some characteristic points. These are veneration of the ordinary soldier, comradeship in battle and the military technology. Besides these, fascisms were more nationalistic character. They were working against liberal ideologies and constitutional politicians. Revolt started in the 19th century by those could not come to power, it caused civil war in Spain. Spain had direction the fascism. Spain had constitutional government after World War I. However, the Spanish army made a dictatorship after the war and also, socialist groups came to power. Spanish civil war ended defeating the left. On the other hand, in Germany, political instability and due to the weakening relations of Germany with its neighbors, the economic depression caused the Hitler to rise. That was rising power included democracy. In 1919 Spaticist rebellion emerged. It was a group of Marxists so; they were rise up left side. It was socialism.
Other regime was communism meaning that classless and free state order. It important for Soviet Union. Because Bolshevik coups established in there. Lenin was Bolshevik leader and his socialist point of view included international parts. Therefore, when he died, there were wars between small groups. On the other hand, Stalin focused on industrialized Soviet Union. As, these changes such as collectivization of agriculture would make Soviet Russian a European power. Therefore, Stalin policy include hectic modernization by terror.
Besides these, democracy emerged in interwar years. It was including two meanings. On the one hand, societies that followed a pluralistic system but were not authoritarian. On the other hand, societies in which civil organizations started to took place.
Many more countries were affected by these authoritarian regimes in the world that changed after the World War I. These regimes had a military officer and followed economic ideology. It was etatism.
In the Middle East, In Turkey, the rhetoric of modernization began to form and also, Iran was a new regime with Seyh Pahlevi. It was modern regime like Turkey. Besides, criticism increased in Iraq. In the East Asia, that important country was China created a new political system like party system. And Japan become proponent Europe after the World War I. Japan had a communist regime in this time. In the Eastern Europe, Czechoslovakia had a democratic regime but in Poland had dictatorship. Other ways, in Yugoslavia had communist state during the World War II because of President Tito. Tito’s communist regime was different of Soviet Union. He argues that independence so, he was president of independence act. Britain and the US increased socialism. However, the British who turned to fascism did not Show themselves as, the World War II had been short between British and German. Wilson was important point in this because, instrumental in coming up with kind of liberalism and internationalism of the World War I. Moreover, in French, there was some kind of limited among of popular representation in the colonies. And also, tribal distinctions were becoming deeper and more visible in the colonies such as Kenya, India and Southeast Asia.
In interwar years, Germany influence democracy, but it was negative. Because of, the insistence of the former soldiers and subgroups hostile to communism. Therefore, Germany’s economy increased, and this caused economic crease. This economic crease and increasing conservative establishments emerged great depression. Another reason of great depression was etatism. However, industrial and military increased with authoritarian regimes therefore, many countries like Germany, Japan did not affect by great depression.
On the other hand, these authoritarian regimes emerged World War II. This war had similar dynamics with World War I. But not only agriculture and transportation but many people were affected by the World War II. In Germany had a big economic problem after the great depression. Therefore, Germany was not colonies and Japan responsible for started war. Because Japan had great political power. Otherwise, Mussolini’s fascist regime was increased, and Italy became political power all over the world.
Last of all, authoritarian regimes, that emerged after the World War I, were effective in developing countries’ policies. Japan was the rising power after the World War I. It defended the communist regime. The rising Hitler in Germany advanced around fascism. At the same time, Germany negatively affected by the democratic regime as, it, which suffered from economic difficulties, was also affected by great depression. Authoritarian regimes were key point in the World War II. That is why authoritarian regimes have caused major world changes.
